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CVE-2025-71392

CRITICAL 9.4 ALL-YEARS

Published 2026-07-18 · Last modified 2026-07-28 · VulnCheck · NVD: Analyzed

SurrealDB before 2.0.5, 2.1.x before 2.1.5, and 2.2.x before 2.2.2 fails to properly escape table and field names in the command-line export command. An authenticated System User with OWNER or EDITOR roles can create tables or fields with malicious names containing SurrealQL. When a higher-privileged user subsequently imports the exported backup, the injected SurrealQL executes, enabling privilege escalation and root-level takeover of the SurrealDB instance. Applications that let users define custom tables or fields are also exposed to a universal second-order SurrealQL injection even when query parameters are sanitized.

ELEVATED IMPACT

Severe if exploited (CVSS 9.4), but no confirmed exploitation. Patch on a normal cadence.

Exploitation likelihood

0.2%chance of exploitation in 30 days · 15th percentile

○ In CISA KEV○ Public exploit / PoC◆ SSVC: exploitation none, automatable no

Impact if exploited

9.4CVSS 4.0 · CRITICAL · CNA

  • ConfidentialityHigh
  • IntegrityHigh
  • AvailabilityHigh

What an attacker needs

  • ✓Access: Reachable over the network — no local access needed
  • ⚠Privileges: Requires a low-privilege account
  • ⚠User interaction: Succeeds with passive user activity
  • ✓Complexity: No special conditions — reliably repeatable
  • ✓Requirements: No special attack requirements

✓ lowers the bar for an attacker · ⚠ raises it

Proof of concept & exploit code

No public exploit or proof-of-concept code is catalogued for this CVE (no ExploitDB, Nuclei, or CISA-KEV entry). It may still exist — search GitHub or check the references below.

Affected

Vendors Surrealdb

Products Surrealdb

Weakness (CWE)

  • CWE-77: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')

CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

Known Affected Software Configurations

VendorProductVersion range
SurrealdbSurrealdb< 2.0.5
SurrealdbSurrealdb≥ 2.1.0 and < 2.1.5
SurrealdbSurrealdb≥ 2.2.0 and < 2.2.2

All CVSS metrics

  • CRITICAL 9.4 v4.0 · CNA Primary
    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
  • CRITICAL 9.4 v4.0 · NVD Secondary
    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
  • HIGH 8 v3.1 · NVD Primary
    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

References

Advisories

Sources: NVD · CVE.org · EPSS